代码格式化

展开见详细描述.

主要依照C++ 格式规范 ( 中文版 ), 针对 JavaScript, 还有下面一些附加说明.

大括号

分号会被隐式插入到代码中, 所以你务必在同一行上插入大括号. 例如:

if (something) {
  // ...
} else {
  // ...
}

数组和对象的初始化

如果初始值不是很长, 就保持写在单行上:

var arr = [1, 2, 3];  // No space after [ or before ].
var obj = {a: 1, b: 2, c: 3};  // No space after { or before }.

初始值占用多行时, 缩进2个空格.

// Object initializer.
var inset = {
  top: 10,
  right: 20,
  bottom: 15,
  left: 12
};

// Array initializer.
this.rows_ = [
  '"Slartibartfast" <[email protected]>',
  '"Zaphod Beeblebrox" <[email protected]>',
  '"Ford Prefect" <[email protected]>',
  '"Arthur Dent" <[email protected]>',
  '"Marvin the Paranoid Android" <[email protected]>',
  '[email protected]'
];

// Used in a method call.
goog.dom.createDom(goog.dom.TagName.DIV, {
  id: 'foo',
  className: 'some-css-class',
  style: 'display:none'
}, 'Hello, world!');

比较长的标识符或者数值, 不要为了让代码好看些而手工对齐.

如:

CORRECT_Object.prototype = {
  a: 0,
  b: 1,
  lengthyName: 2
};

不要这样做:

WRONG_Object.prototype = {
  a          : 0,
  b          : 1,
  lengthyName: 2
};

函数参数

尽量让函数参数在同一行上.

如果一行超过 80 字符, 每个参数独占一行, 并以4个空格缩进, 或者与括号对齐, 以提高可读性. 尽可能不要让每行超过80个字符. 比如下面这样:

// Four-space, wrap at 80\.  Works with very long function names, survives
// renaming without reindenting, low on space.
goog.foo.bar.doThingThatIsVeryDifficultToExplain = function(
    veryDescriptiveArgumentNumberOne, veryDescriptiveArgumentTwo,
    tableModelEventHandlerProxy, artichokeDescriptorAdapterIterator) {
  // ...
};

// Four-space, one argument per line.  Works with long function names,
// survives renaming, and emphasizes each argument.
goog.foo.bar.doThingThatIsVeryDifficultToExplain = function(
    veryDescriptiveArgumentNumberOne,
    veryDescriptiveArgumentTwo,
    tableModelEventHandlerProxy,
    artichokeDescriptorAdapterIterator) {
  // ...
};

// Parenthesis-aligned indentation, wrap at 80\.  Visually groups arguments,
// low on space.
function foo(veryDescriptiveArgumentNumberOne, veryDescriptiveArgumentTwo,
             tableModelEventHandlerProxy, artichokeDescriptorAdapterIterator) {
  // ...
}

// Parenthesis-aligned, one argument per line.  Visually groups and
// emphasizes each individual argument.
function bar(veryDescriptiveArgumentNumberOne,
             veryDescriptiveArgumentTwo,
             tableModelEventHandlerProxy,
             artichokeDescriptorAdapterIterator) {
  // ...
}

传递匿名函数

如果参数中有匿名函数, 函数体从调用该函数的左边开始缩进2个空格, 而不是从 function 这个关键字开始. 这让匿名函数更加易读 (不要增加很多没必要的缩进让函数体显示在屏幕的右侧).

var names = items.map(function(item) {
                        return item.name;
                      });

prefix.something.reallyLongFunctionName('whatever', function(a1, a2) {
  if (a1.equals(a2)) {
    someOtherLongFunctionName(a1);
  } else {
    andNowForSomethingCompletelyDifferent(a2.parrot);
  }
});

更多的缩进

事实上, 除了初始化数组和对象, 和传递匿名函数外, 所有被拆开的多行文本要么选择与之前的表达式左对齐, 要么以4个（而不是2个）空格作为一缩进层次.

someWonderfulHtml = '' +
                    getEvenMoreHtml(someReallyInterestingValues, moreValues,
                                    evenMoreParams, 'a duck', true, 72,
                                    slightlyMoreMonkeys(0xfff)) +
                    '';

thisIsAVeryLongVariableName =
    hereIsAnEvenLongerOtherFunctionNameThatWillNotFitOnPrevLine();

thisIsAVeryLongVariableName = 'expressionPartOne' + someMethodThatIsLong() +
    thisIsAnEvenLongerOtherFunctionNameThatCannotBeIndentedMore();

someValue = this.foo(
    shortArg,
    'Some really long string arg - this is a pretty common case, actually.',
    shorty2,
    this.bar());

if (searchableCollection(allYourStuff).contains(theStuffYouWant) &&
    !ambientNotification.isActive() && (client.isAmbientSupported() ||
                                        client.alwaysTryAmbientAnyways()) {
  ambientNotification.activate();
}

空行

使用空行来划分一组逻辑上相关联的代码片段.

doSomethingTo(x);
doSomethingElseTo(x);
andThen(x);

nowDoSomethingWith(y);

andNowWith(z);

二元和三元操作符

操作符始终跟随着前行, 这样就不用顾虑分号的隐式插入问题. 如果一行实在放不下, 还是按照上述的缩进风格来换行.

var x = a ? b : c;  // All on one line if it will fit.

// Indentation +4 is OK.
var y = a ?
    longButSimpleOperandB : longButSimpleOperandC;

// Indenting to the line position of the first operand is also OK.
var z = a ?
        moreComplicatedB :
        moreComplicatedC;