JavaScript Switch 语句

switch 语句用于基于不同的条件来执行不同的动作。

JavaScript Switch 语句

请使用 switch 语句来选择要执行的多个代码块之一。

语法

switch(n)
{
case 1:
  执行代码块 1
  break;
case 2:
  执行代码块 2
  break;
default:
  n 与 case 1 和 case 2 不同时执行的代码
}

工作原理:首先设置表达式 n(通常是一个变量)。随后表达式的值会与结构中的每个 case 的值做比较。如果存在匹配,则与该 case 关联的代码块会被执行。请使用 break 来阻止代码自动地向下一个 case 运行。

实例

显示今日的周名称。请注意 Sunday=0, Monday=1, Tuesday=2, 等等:

var day=new Date().getDay();
switch (day)
{
case 0:
  x="Today it's Sunday";
  break;
case 1:
  x="Today it's Monday";
  break;
case 2:
  x="Today it's Tuesday";
  break;
case 3:
  x="Today it's Wednesday";
  break;
case 4:
  x="Today it's Thursday";
  break;
case 5:
  x="Today it's Friday";
  break;
case 6:
  x="Today it's Saturday";
  break;
}

x 的结果:

 <script>var d=new Date().getDay();
switch (d)
{
case 0:
  x="Today it's Sunday";
  break;
case 1:
  x="Today it's Monday";
  break;
case 2:
  x="Today it's Tuesday";
  break;
case 3:
  x="Today it's Wednesday";
  break;
case 4:
  x="Today it's Thursday";
  break;
case 5:
  x="Today it's Friday";
  break;
case 6:
  x="Today it's Saturday";
  break;
}
document.write(x);</script> Today it's Tuesday

default 关键词

请使用 default 关键词来规定匹配不存在时做的事情:

实例

如果今天不是周六或周日,则会输出默认的消息:

var day=new Date().getDay();
switch (day)
{
case 6:
  x="Today it's Saturday";
  break;
case 0:
  x="Today it's Sunday";
  break;
`default:
  x="Looking forward to the Weekend";`
}

x 的结果:

 <script>var d=new Date().getDay();
switch (d)
{
case 6:
  x="Today it's Saturday";
  break;
case 0:
  x="Today it's Sunday";
  break;
default:
  x="Looking forward to the Weekend";
}
document.write(x);</script> Looking forward to the Weekend

课外书

如需更多有关 JavaScript Switch 语句的知识,请阅读 JavaScript 高级教程中的相关内容:

ECMAScript switch 语句

switch 语句是 if 语句的兄弟语句。本节介绍了 switch 语句的用法,以及与 Java 中的 switch 语句的不同。