12.1. 概览

你用 Google，对吧？它是一个很流行的搜索引擎。你是否希望能以程序化的方式访问 Google 的搜索结果呢？现在你能做到了。下面是一个用 Python 搜索 Google 的程序。

例 12.1. search.py

from SOAPpy import WSDL
# you'll need to configure these two values;
# see http://www.google.com/apis/
WSDLFILE = '/path/to/copy/of/GoogleSearch.wsdl'
APIKEY = 'YOUR_GOOGLE_API_KEY'
_server = WSDL.Proxy(WSDLFILE)
def search(q):
    """Search Google and return list of {title, link, description}"""
    results = _server.doGoogleSearch(
        APIKEY, q, 0, 10, False, "", False, "", "utf-8", "utf-8")
    return [{"title": r.title.encode("utf-8"),
             "link": r.URL.encode("utf-8"),
             "description": r.snippet.encode("utf-8")}
            for r in results.resultElements]
if __name__ == '__main__':
    import sys
    for r in search(sys.argv[1])[:5]:
        print r['title']
        print r['link']
        print r['description']
        print

你可以在较大的程序中以模块导入并使用它，也可以在命令行上运行这个脚本。在命令行上，需要把查询字符串作为命令行参数使用，之后就会打印出最前面的五个 Google 查询结果，包括：URL、标题和描述信息。

下面是以 “python” 作为命令行参数的查询结果。

例 12.2. search.py 的使用样例

C:\diveintopython\common\py> python search.py "python"
<b>Python</b> Programming Language
http://www.python.org/
Home page for <b>Python</b>, an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented,
extensible<br> programming language. <b>...</b> <b>Python</b>
is OSI Certified Open Source: OSI Certified.
<b>Python</b> Documentation Index
http://www.python.org/doc/
 <b>...</b> New-style classes (aka descrintro). Regular expressions. Database
API. Email Us.<br> docs@<b>python</b>.org. (c) 2004\. <b>Python</b>
Software Foundation. <b>Python</b> Documentation. <b>...</b>
Download <b>Python</b> Software
http://www.python.org/download/
Download Standard <b>Python</b> Software. <b>Python</b> 2.3.3 is the
current production<br> version of <b>Python</b>. <b>...</b>
<b>Python</b> is OSI Certified Open Source:
Pythonline
http://www.pythonline.com/
Dive Into <b>Python</b>
http://diveintopython.org/
Dive Into <b>Python</b>. <b>Python</b> from novice to pro. Find:
<b>...</b> It is also available in multiple<br> languages. Read
Dive Into <b>Python</b>. This book is still being written. <b>...</b>

进一步阅读

• http://www.xmethods.net/ 是一个访问 SOAP web 服务的公共知识库。
• SOAP 规范相当可读，如果你喜欢这类东西的话。