MATLAB运算符 - Matlab教程

运算符是一个符号，它告诉编译器执行特定的数学或逻辑操作。 MATLAB 设计工作主要是对整个矩阵和阵列。因此，运算符在 MATLAB 工作标和非标量数据。 MATLAB 允许以下类型的基本运算：

• 算术运算符

• 关系运算符

• 逻辑运算符

• 位运算

• 集合运算

算术运算符

MATLAB允许两种不同类型的算术运算：

• 矩阵算术运算

• 阵列算术运算

矩阵的算术运算是线性代数中的定义相同。执行数组操作，无论是在一维和多维数组元素的元素。

矩阵运算符和数组运算符是有区别的句号（.）符号。然而，由于加法和减法运算矩阵和阵列是相同的，操作者这两种情况下是相同的。下表给出了运算符的简要说明：

详细例子

运算符	描述
+	加法或一元加号。A + B将A和B。 A和B必须具有相同的尺寸，除非一个人是一个标量。一个标量，可以被添加到任何大小的矩阵。
-	Subtraction or unary minus. A-B subtracts B from A. A and B must have the same size, unless one is a scalar. A scalar can be subtracted from a matrix of any size.
*	Matrix multiplication. C = A*B is the linear algebraic product of the matrices A and B. More precisely,For nonscalar A and B, the number of columns of A must equal the number of rows of B. A scalar can multiply a matrix of any size.
.*	Array multiplication. A.*B is the element-by-element product of the arrays A and B. A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar.
/	Slash or matrix right division. B/A is roughly the same as B*inv(A). More precisely, B/A = (A'B')'.
./	Array right division. A./B is the matrix with elements A(i,j)/B(i,j). A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar.	Backslash or matrix left division. If A is a square matrix, AB is roughly the same as inv(A)*B, except it is computed in a different way. If A is an n-by-n matrix and B is a column vector with n components, or a matrix with several such columns, then X = AB is the solution to the equation AX = B. A warning message is displayed if A is badly scaled or nearly singular.
.	Array left division. A.B is the matrix with elements B(i,j)/A(i,j). A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar.
^	Matrix power. X^p is X to the power p, if p is a scalar. If p is an integer, the power is computed by repeated squaring. If the integer is negative, X is inverted first. For other values of p, the calculation involves eigenvalues and eigenvectors, such that if [V,D] = eig(X), then X^p = V*D.^p/V.
.^	Array power. A.^B is the matrix with elements A(i,j) to the B(i,j) power. A and B must have the same size, unless one of them is a scalar.
'	Matrix transpose. A' is the linear algebraic transpose of A. For complex matrices, this is the complex conjugate transpose.
.'	Array transpose. A.' is the array transpose of A. For complex matrices, this does not involve conjugation.

关系运算符

关系运算符标和非标量数据上也能正常工作。关系运算符对数组进行元素元素元素设置为逻辑1（真）的关系是真实的和元素设置为逻辑0（假），它是两个阵列，并返回一个同样大小的逻辑阵列之间的比较。

下表显示了 MATLAB 中的关系运算符：

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逻辑运算符

MATLAB提供了两种类型的逻辑运算符和函数：

• Element-wise -这些运算符的逻辑阵列上运行相应的元素。

• Short-circuit -这些运算上的标量，逻辑表达式。

Element-wise 的逻辑运算符操作元素元素逻辑阵列。符号＆，|和〜逻辑数组运算符AND，OR，NOT。

允许短路短路逻辑运算符，逻辑运算。符号 && 和 | | 是短路逻辑符 AND 和 OR。

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位运算

位运算符位和执行位位操作。 ＆，|和^的真值表如下：

假设如果A= 60，B =13，他们现在以二进制格式将如下：

A = 0011 1100

B = 0000 1101

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A&B = 0000 1100

A|B = 0011 1101

A^B = 0011 0001

~A = 1100 0011

MATLAB提供位运算，如'位'，'位'和'位不操作，移位操作等各种函数

以下的表格显示了常用的按位运算：

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集合操作符

MATLAB提供各种功能集合运算，如集，交集和测试组成员等。

下表显示了一些常用的设置操作：

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