Appendix A. PostgreSQL 错误代码

PostgreSQL服务器发出的所有消息都赋予了五个字符的错误代码，这些代码遵循 SQL 的"SQLSTATE"代码的习惯。需要知道发生了什么错误条件的应用通常应该测试错误代码，而不是查看文本错误信息。这些错误代码轻易不会随着PostgreSQL的版本更新而修改，并且一般也不会随着错误信息的本地化而发生修改。请注意有些(但不是全部) PostgreSQL生成的错误代码是由 SQL 标准定义的；有些标准没有定义的错误条件是发明的或者是从其它数据库借来的。

根据标准，错误代码的头两个字符表示错误类别，而后三个字符表示在该类别内特定的条件。因此，那些不能识别特定错误代码的应用仍然可以从错误类别中推断要做什么。

Table A-1里面列出了PostgreSQL 9.3.1 定义的所有错误代码(有些实际上目前并没有使用，但是 SQL 标准定义了)。错误类别也列出在此。对于每个错误类别都有个"标准"的错误代码，它的最后三个字符是000。这个代码只用于那些落在该类别内，但是没有赋予任何更准确的代码的错误条件。

"条件名"列显示的标志是在PL/pgSQL里面使用的条件名。条件名大小写无关。（请注意PL/pgSQL并不识别警告，这一点和错误、条件名正相反；那些是 00，01，02 类别。）

对于某些类型的错误，服务器报告与错误相关的数据库对象的名称（一个表，表字段，数据类型，或者常量）；例如，唯一约束的名字导致了一个unique_violation错误。类似的名字在单独的错误报告字段信息中提供，这样应用程序就不用尝试去从可能的本地化人可读的信息文本中提取它们。自PostgreSQL 9.3起，对这个信息的完全覆盖只存在于SQLSTATE类23的错误中（完整性约束违反），但这个可能在将来扩展。

Table A-1. PostgreSQL 错误代码

错误代码	条件名
Class 00 — Successful Completion
`00000`	`successful_completion`
Class 01 — Warning
`01000`	`warning`
`0100C`	`dynamic_result_sets_returned`
`01008`	`implicit_zero_bit_padding`
`01003`	`null_value_eliminated_in_set_function`
`01007`	`privilege_not_granted`
`01006`	`privilege_not_revoked`
`01004`	`string_data_right_truncation`
`01P01`	`deprecated_feature`
Class 02 — No Data (this is also a warning class per the SQL standard)
`02000`	`no_data`
`02001`	`no_additional_dynamic_result_sets_returned`
Class 03 — SQL Statement Not Yet Complete
`03000`	`sql_statement_not_yet_complete`
Class 08 — Connection Exception
`08000`	`connection_exception`
`08003`	`connection_does_not_exist`
`08006`	`connection_failure`
`08001`	`sqlclient_unable_to_establish_sqlconnection`
`08004`	`sqlserver_rejected_establishment_of_sqlconnection`
`08007`	`transaction_resolution_unknown`
`08P01`	`protocol_violation`
Class 09 — Triggered Action Exception
`09000`	`triggered_action_exception`
Class 0A — Feature Not Supported
`0A000`	`feature_not_supported`
Class 0B — Invalid Transaction Initiation
`0B000`	`invalid_transaction_initiation`
Class 0F — Locator Exception
`0F000`	`locator_exception`
`0F001`	`invalid_locator_specification`
Class 0L — Invalid Grantor
`0L000`	`invalid_grantor`
`0LP01`	`invalid_grant_operation`
Class 0P — Invalid Role Specification
`0P000`	`invalid_role_specification`
Class 0Z — Diagnostics Exception
`0Z000`	`diagnostics_exception`
`0Z002`	`stacked_diagnostics_accessed_without_active_handler`
Class 20 — Case Not Found
`20000`	`case_not_found`
Class 21 — Cardinality Violation
`21000`	`cardinality_violation`
Class 22 — Data Exception
`22000`	`data_exception`
`2202E`	`array_subscript_error`
`22021`	`character_not_in_repertoire`
`22008`	`datetime_field_overflow`
`22012`	`division_by_zero`
`22005`	`error_in_assignment`
`2200B`	`escape_character_conflict`
`22022`	`indicator_overflow`
`22015`	`interval_field_overflow`
`2201E`	`invalid_argument_for_logarithm`
`22014`	`invalid_argument_for_ntile_function`
`22016`	`invalid_argument_for_nth_value_function`
`2201F`	`invalid_argument_for_power_function`
`2201G`	`invalid_argument_for_width_bucket_function`
`22018`	`invalid_character_value_for_cast`
`22007`	`invalid_datetime_format`
`22019`	`invalid_escape_character`
`2200D`	`invalid_escape_octet`
`22025`	`invalid_escape_sequence`
`22P06`	`nonstandard_use_of_escape_character`
`22010`	`invalid_indicator_parameter_value`
`22023`	`invalid_parameter_value`
`2201B`	`invalid_regular_expression`
`2201W`	`invalid_row_count_in_limit_clause`
`2201X`	`invalid_row_count_in_result_offset_clause`
`22009`	`invalid_time_zone_displacement_value`
`2200C`	`invalid_use_of_escape_character`
`2200G`	`most_specific_type_mismatch`
`22004`	`null_value_not_allowed`
`22002`	`null_value_no_indicator_parameter`
`22003`	`numeric_value_out_of_range`
`22026`	`string_data_length_mismatch`
`22001`	`string_data_right_truncation`
`22011`	`substring_error`
`22027`	`trim_error`
`22024`	`unterminated_c_string`
`2200F`	`zero_length_character_string`
`22P01`	`floating_point_exception`
`22P02`	`invalid_text_representation`
`22P03`	`invalid_binary_representation`
`22P04`	`bad_copy_file_format`
`22P05`	`untranslatable_character`
`2200L`	`not_an_xml_document`
`2200M`	`invalid_xml_document`
`2200N`	`invalid_xml_content`
`2200S`	`invalid_xml_comment`
`2200T`	`invalid_xml_processing_instruction`
Class 23 — Integrity Constraint Violation
`23000`	`integrity_constraint_violation`
`23001`	`restrict_violation`
`23502`	`not_null_violation`
`23503`	`foreign_key_violation`
`23505`	`unique_violation`
`23514`	`check_violation`
`23P01`	`exclusion_violation`
Class 24 — Invalid Cursor State
`24000`	`invalid_cursor_state`
Class 25 — Invalid Transaction State
`25000`	`invalid_transaction_state`
`25001`	`active_sql_transaction`
`25002`	`branch_transaction_already_active`
`25008`	`held_cursor_requires_same_isolation_level`
`25003`	`inappropriate_access_mode_for_branch_transaction`
`25004`	`inappropriate_isolation_level_for_branch_transaction`
`25005`	`no_active_sql_transaction_for_branch_transaction`
`25006`	`read_only_sql_transaction`
`25007`	`schema_and_data_statement_mixing_not_supported`
`25P01`	`no_active_sql_transaction`
`25P02`	`in_failed_sql_transaction`
Class 26 — Invalid SQL Statement Name
`26000`	`invalid_sql_statement_name`
Class 27 — Triggered Data Change Violation
`27000`	`triggered_data_change_violation`
Class 28 — Invalid Authorization Specification
`28000`	`invalid_authorization_specification`
`28P01`	`invalid_password`
Class 2B — Dependent Privilege Descriptors Still Exist
`2B000`	`dependent_privilege_descriptors_still_exist`
`2BP01`	`dependent_objects_still_exist`
Class 2D — Invalid Transaction Termination
`2D000`	`invalid_transaction_termination`
Class 2F — SQL Routine Exception
`2F000`	`sql_routine_exception`
`2F005`	`function_executed_no_return_statement`
`2F002`	`modifying_sql_data_not_permitted`
`2F003`	`prohibited_sql_statement_attempted`
`2F004`	`reading_sql_data_not_permitted`
Class 34 — Invalid Cursor Name
`34000`	`invalid_cursor_name`
Class 38 — External Routine Exception
`38000`	`external_routine_exception`
`38001`	`containing_sql_not_permitted`
`38002`	`modifying_sql_data_not_permitted`
`38003`	`prohibited_sql_statement_attempted`
`38004`	`reading_sql_data_not_permitted`
Class 39 — External Routine Invocation Exception
`39000`	`external_routine_invocation_exception`
`39001`	`invalid_sqlstate_returned`
`39004`	`null_value_not_allowed`
`39P01`	`trigger_protocol_violated`
`39P02`	`srf_protocol_violated`
Class 3B — Savepoint Exception
`3B000`	`savepoint_exception`
`3B001`	`invalid_savepoint_specification`
Class 3D — Invalid Catalog Name
`3D000`	`invalid_catalog_name`
Class 3F — Invalid Schema Name
`3F000`	`invalid_schema_name`
Class 40 — Transaction Rollback
`40000`	`transaction_rollback`
`40002`	`transaction_integrity_constraint_violation`
`40001`	`serialization_failure`
`40003`	`statement_completion_unknown`
`40P01`	`deadlock_detected`
Class 42 — Syntax Error or Access Rule Violation
`42000`	`syntax_error_or_access_rule_violation`
`42601`	`syntax_error`
`42501`	`insufficient_privilege`
`42846`	`cannot_coerce`
`42803`	`grouping_error`
`42P20`	`windowing_error`
`42P19`	`invalid_recursion`
`42830`	`invalid_foreign_key`
`42602`	`invalid_name`
`42622`	`name_too_long`
`42939`	`reserved_name`
`42804`	`datatype_mismatch`
`42P18`	`indeterminate_datatype`
`42P21`	`collation_mismatch`
`42P22`	`indeterminate_collation`
`42809`	`wrong_object_type`
`42703`	`undefined_column`
`42883`	`undefined_function`
`42P01`	`undefined_table`
`42P02`	`undefined_parameter`
`42704`	`undefined_object`
`42701`	`duplicate_column`
`42P03`	`duplicate_cursor`
`42P04`	`duplicate_database`
`42723`	`duplicate_function`
`42P05`	`duplicate_prepared_statement`
`42P06`	`duplicate_schema`
`42P07`	`duplicate_table`
`42712`	`duplicate_alias`
`42710`	`duplicate_object`
`42702`	`ambiguous_column`
`42725`	`ambiguous_function`
`42P08`	`ambiguous_parameter`
`42P09`	`ambiguous_alias`
`42P10`	`invalid_column_reference`
`42611`	`invalid_column_definition`
`42P11`	`invalid_cursor_definition`
`42P12`	`invalid_database_definition`
`42P13`	`invalid_function_definition`
`42P14`	`invalid_prepared_statement_definition`
`42P15`	`invalid_schema_definition`
`42P16`	`invalid_table_definition`
`42P17`	`invalid_object_definition`
Class 44 — WITH CHECK OPTION Violation
`44000`	`with_check_option_violation`
Class 53 — Insufficient Resources
`53000`	`insufficient_resources`
`53100`	`disk_full`
`53200`	`out_of_memory`
`53300`	`too_many_connections`
`53400`	`configuration_limit_exceeded`
Class 54 — Program Limit Exceeded
`54000`	`program_limit_exceeded`
`54001`	`statement_too_complex`
`54011`	`too_many_columns`
`54023`	`too_many_arguments`
Class 55 — Object Not In Prerequisite State
`55000`	`object_not_in_prerequisite_state`
`55006`	`object_in_use`
`55P02`	`cant_change_runtime_param`
`55P03`	`lock_not_available`
Class 57 — Operator Intervention
`57000`	`operator_intervention`
`57014`	`query_canceled`
`57P01`	`admin_shutdown`
`57P02`	`crash_shutdown`
`57P03`	`cannot_connect_now`
`57P04`	`database_dropped`
Class 58 — System Error (errors external to PostgreSQL itself)
`58000`	`system_error`
`58030`	`io_error`
`58P01`	`undefined_file`
`58P02`	`duplicate_file`
Class F0 — Configuration File Error
`F0000`	`config_file_error`
`F0001`	`lock_file_exists`
Class HV — Foreign Data Wrapper Error (SQL/MED)
`HV000`	`fdw_error`
`HV005`	`fdw_column_name_not_found`
`HV002`	`fdw_dynamic_parameter_value_needed`
`HV010`	`fdw_function_sequence_error`
`HV021`	`fdw_inconsistent_descriptor_information`
`HV024`	`fdw_invalid_attribute_value`
`HV007`	`fdw_invalid_column_name`
`HV008`	`fdw_invalid_column_number`
`HV004`	`fdw_invalid_data_type`
`HV006`	`fdw_invalid_data_type_descriptors`
`HV091`	`fdw_invalid_descriptor_field_identifier`
`HV00B`	`fdw_invalid_handle`
`HV00C`	`fdw_invalid_option_index`
`HV00D`	`fdw_invalid_option_name`
`HV090`	`fdw_invalid_string_length_or_buffer_length`
`HV00A`	`fdw_invalid_string_format`
`HV009`	`fdw_invalid_use_of_null_pointer`
`HV014`	`fdw_too_many_handles`
`HV001`	`fdw_out_of_memory`
`HV00P`	`fdw_no_schemas`
`HV00J`	`fdw_option_name_not_found`
`HV00K`	`fdw_reply_handle`
`HV00Q`	`fdw_schema_not_found`
`HV00R`	`fdw_table_not_found`
`HV00L`	`fdw_unable_to_create_execution`
`HV00M`	`fdw_unable_to_create_reply`
`HV00N`	`fdw_unable_to_establish_connection`
Class P0 — PL/pgSQL Error
`P0000`	`plpgsql_error`
`P0001`	`raise_exception`
`P0002`	`no_data_found`
`P0003`	`too_many_rows`
Class XX — Internal Error
`XX000`	`internal_error`
`XX001`	`data_corrupted`
`XX002`	`index_corrupted`