JDBC排序实例 - JDBC教程
本教程介绍了如何使用JDBC应用程序的对表中的数据进行排序的例子。这将使用asc和desc关键字的记录按升序或降序排序。执行下面的示例之前,请确保如下:
执行下面的例子中,请使用实际的用户名和密码代替username和password。
MySQL或者其他数据库,正在使用:启动和运行。
所需步骤:
使用JDBC应用程序创建一个新的数据库需要执行以下步骤:
导入包:要求包括含有需要进行数据库编程的JDBC类的包。大多数情况下,使用 import java.sql.* 。
注册JDBC驱动程序:要求初始化驱动程序,使它可以与数据库打开一个通信通道。
打开一个连接:要求使用DriverManager.getConnection()方法创建一个Connection对象,它代表与数据库服务器的物理连接。
执行一个查询:需要使用类型语句的对象建立并提交一个SQL语句的记录从表中进行排序。查询利用ASC和DESC子句来按升序和降序顺序排序数据。
清理环境:需要明确地关闭所有的数据库资源相对于依靠JVM的垃圾收集。
示例代码:
复制过去的下面的例子中JDBCExample.java,编译并运行,如下所示:
//STEP 1\. Import required packages
import java.sql.*;
public class JDBCExample {
// JDBC driver name and database URL
static final String JDBC_DRIVER = "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver";
static final String DB_URL = "jdbc:mysql://localhost/STUDENTS";
// Database credentials
static final String USER = "username";
static final String PASS = "password";
public static void main(String[] args) {
Connection conn = null;
Statement stmt = null;
try{
//STEP 2: Register JDBC driver
Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
//STEP 3: Open a connection
System.out.println("Connecting to a selected database...");
conn = DriverManager.getConnection(DB_URL, USER, PASS);
System.out.println("Connected database successfully...");
//STEP 4: Execute a query
System.out.println("Creating statement...");
stmt = conn.createStatement();
// Extract records in ascending order by first name.
System.out.println("Fetching records in ascending order...");
String sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Registration" +
" ORDER BY first ASC";
ResultSet rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
//Retrieve by column name
int id = rs.getInt("id");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first");
String last = rs.getString("last");
//Display values
System.out.print("ID: " + id);
System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
System.out.print(", First: " + first);
System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
}
// Extract records in descending order by first name.
System.out.println("Fetching records in descending order...");
sql = "SELECT id, first, last, age FROM Registration" +
" ORDER BY first DESC";
rs = stmt.executeQuery(sql);
while(rs.next()){
//Retrieve by column name
int id = rs.getInt("id");
int age = rs.getInt("age");
String first = rs.getString("first");
String last = rs.getString("last");
//Display values
System.out.print("ID: " + id);
System.out.print(", Age: " + age);
System.out.print(", First: " + first);
System.out.println(", Last: " + last);
}
rs.close();
}catch(SQLException se){
//Handle errors for JDBC
se.printStackTrace();
}catch(Exception e){
//Handle errors for Class.forName
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
//finally block used to close resources
try{
if(stmt!=null)
conn.close();
}catch(SQLException se){
}// do nothing
try{
if(conn!=null)
conn.close();
}catch(SQLException se){
se.printStackTrace();
}//end finally try
}//end try
System.out.println("Goodbye!");
}//end main
}//end JDBCExample
现在编译上面的例子如下:
C:>javac JDBCExample.java
C:>
当运行JDBCExample,它会产生以下结果:
C:>java JDBCExample
Connecting to a selected database...
Connected database successfully...
Creating statement...
Fetching records in ascending order...
ID: 103, Age: 28, First: Sumit, Last: Mittal
ID: 102, Age: 30, First: Zaid, Last: Khan
ID: 100, Age: 30, First: Zara, Last: Ali
Fetching records in descending order...
ID: 100, Age: 30, First: Zara, Last: Ali
ID: 102, Age: 30, First: Zaid, Last: Khan
ID: 103, Age: 28, First: Sumit, Last: Mittal
Goodbye!
C:>