10.1 波动率选股 · 风平浪静 风起猪飞
策略基本思路是:挑选具有较低波动率品种以防市场大跌,同时持有较低涨幅品种,等待时机,以图崛起。
其中,较低波动率品种指标为股票近一年收盘价的标准差小于0.2;较低涨幅品种指股票年化收益率与无风险利率之差除以基准收益率与无风险利率之差小于0.5的股票。
本策略无风险利率特指:0.035
本策略的参数如下:
起始日期: 2009年1月1日
结束日期: 2015年3月20日
股票池: 沪深300
业绩基准: 沪深300
起始资金: 100000元
调仓周期: 3个月
import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
from datetime import timedelta, datetime
start = datetime(2009, 1, 1) # 回测起始时间
end = datetime(2015, 3, 20) # 回测结束时间
benchmark = 'HS300' # 策略参考标准
universe = set_universe('HS300') # 股票池
capital_base = 10000000 # 起始资金
refresh_rate = 60 # 调仓频率60个交易日
longest_history = 20
def initialize(account): # 初始化虚拟账户状态
pass
def handle_data(account): # 每个交易日的买入卖出指令
today = account.current_date
stocks = []
changes = []
vols = []
returns = []
hist = account.get_history(20)
# 基准收益率
bm_return = hist['benchmark']['return'][-1]
# 无风险利率
rf_return = 0.035
for stock in account.universe:
# 计算股票的收益和收益波动率
rt = hist[stock]['closePrice'][-1]/hist[stock]['closePrice'][0] - 1
rts = hist[stock]['closePrice']/np.roll(hist[stock]['closePrice'], 1) - 1
vol = np.std(rts[1:])
stocks.append(stock)
changes.append(((rt-rf_return)/(bm_return-rf_return)))
vols.append(vol)
returns.append(rt)
df = pd.DataFrame({'stocks':stocks, 'changes':changes, 'vols':vols, 'returns':returns})
# 筛选符合条件的股票
signal_stocks = list(df[df.vols<0.2][df.changes<0.5].stocks.values)
c = account.cash
# 卖出不在信号股票集合内的持仓,计算可用资金
#print today
#print '卖出'
for stock in account.valid_secpos:
if account.valid_secpos[stock] > 0 and stock not in signal_stocks:
order_to(stock, 0)
#print stock,
c += account.valid_secpos[stock] * hist[stock]['closePrice'][-1]
elif stock in signal_stocks:
signal_stocks.remove(stock)
# 买入股票
#print
#print '买入'
for stock in signal_stocks:
#print stock,
order(stock, int(0.9*c/len(signal_stocks)/hist[stock]['closePrice'][-1])/100*100)
#print